# Recital (156)

In order to ensure an appropriate and effective enforcement of the requirements and obligations set out by this 
Regulation, which is Union harmonisation legislation, the system of market surveillance and compliance of products 
established by Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 should apply in its entirety. Market surveillance authorities designated 
pursuant to this Regulation should have all enforcement powers laid down in this Regulation and in Regulation (EU) 
2019/1020 and should exercise their powers and carry out their duties independently, impartially and without bias. 
Although the majority of AI systems are not subject to specific requirements and obligations under this Regulation, 
market surveillance authorities may take measures in relation to all AI systems when they present a risk in 
accordance with this Regulation. Due to the specific nature of Union institutions, agencies and bodies falling within 
the scope of this Regulation, it is appropriate to designate the European Data Protection Supervisor as a competent 
market surveillance authority for them. This should be without prejudice to the designation of national competent 
authorities by the Member States. Market surveillance activities should not affect the ability of the supervised entities 
to carry out their tasks independently, when such independence is required by Union law.

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Source: Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (Artificial Intelligence Act) as amended by Regulation (EU) 2026/1744, consolidated text of 27 July 2026 (Official Journal of the EU). This page is AI-generated legal information, not legal advice. Verify against the Official Journal.
Canonical: https://euaiactlaw.com/recital/156